In History, Today on November 22

Pope Francis compared politicians who rage against homosexuals, gypsies, and Jews to Hitler in an address delivered during his visit to Thailand, emphasizing the dangers of extreme populism and nationalism.

Residents of Kigali, Rwanda, started receiving electricity under a new expansion program launched by the government targeting universal access by 2024.

Ratko Mladić, former Bosnian Serb military leader, was convicted of genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity by the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia.

Astronaut Peggy Whitson broke the record for the oldest woman in space at age 56, and she launched on her third mission to the International Space Station.

Turkey shot down a Russian Sukhoi Su-24 fighter jet over the Turkey-Syria border, escalating tensions between the two countries. The incident led to a war of words and sanctions by Russia.

The world's first lab-grown burger, created by Mosa Meat in the Netherlands, was displayed in London, marking a step forward in sustainable food technology.

The United Nations declared the end of the 2013 Central African Republic conflict, although violence continued in the region.

Ceasefire agreement was reached between Israel and Hamas, ending eight days of fighting in the Gaza Strip.

Sebastián Piñera's Chilean government implemented education reform plans amidst widespread student protests demanding comprehensive education system changes.

The Irish government formally applied for a bailout from the European Union and the International Monetary Fund.

Angela Merkel was sworn in as Germany's first female Chancellor, marking a significant moment in German and European politics.

The Orange Revolution begins in Ukraine after the presidential election between Viktor Yanukovych and Viktor Yushchenko is marred by allegations of electoral fraud. This sparks mass protests across the country.

The Georgian president, Eduard Shevardnadze, resigns following mass protests known as the Rose Revolution. These protests were sparked by allegations of electoral fraud in the parliamentary elections.

Margaret Thatcher announced her resignation as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom after failing to win sufficient support in a Conservative Party leadership contest.

Juan Carlos I was declared King of Spain following the death of dictator Francisco Franco, marking the beginning of Spain's transition to democracy.

U.S. President John F. Kennedy was assassinated in Dallas, Texas, leading to a significant political and cultural impact on the United States.

The Cairo Conference began, where Allied leaders discussed the progress of World War II and post-war Asia.

The premier performance of Ravel's 'Boléro' took place at the Paris Opera. The composition is known for its unique orchestration and repetitive melody.

The International Radio Telegraphic Convention was signed in Berlin, establishing the SOS distress signal as the worldwide standard for radio communication.

The city of Bossier City in Louisiana is officially incorporated.

The clipper ship Cutty Sark was launched at Dumbarton in Scotland. It was one of the last tea clippers to be built and one of the fastest, marking the end of an era for sailing ships.

The Polish November Uprising against the Russian Empire began, aiming to restore Polish independence.

The British East India Company forces, led by Robert Clive, successfully recaptured Calcutta, India, from the Nawab of Bengal, leading to significant British control in the region.

British pirate Edward Teach, better known as Blackbeard, was killed in battle off the coast of North Carolina.

Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama rounded the Cape of Good Hope, the southern tip of Africa, opening the sea route to India.

Pope Clement V issued the papal bull 'Pastoralis Praeeminentiae,' which instructed the monarchs of Europe to arrest the Knights Templar and seize their assets.

The Synod of Constantinople ends, which was convened to address the issue of iconoclasm within the Byzantine Empire.

Pope Symmachus is elected as the 51st pope of the Catholic Church, succeeding Pope Anastasius II. His election was contested, leading to a schism with the election of Antipope Laurentius.