In History, Today on January 30

King Charles I of England was executed for treason after being convicted by a High Court of Justice.

Oliver Cromwell's remains were exhumed and subjected to a posthumous execution.

Richard Lawrence attempted to assassinate U.S. President Andrew Jackson, marking the first assassination attempt on a sitting U.S. president.

Adolf Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany by President Paul von Hindenburg.

Mahatma Gandhi was assassinated by Nathuram Godse in New Delhi.

The Beatles performed an unannounced concert on the rooftop of Apple Records in London, their last public performance.

Bloody Sunday occurred in Derry, Northern Ireland, when British soldiers shot 26 unarmed civil rights protesters, killing 14.

The Iranian government, led by Prime Minister Shapour Bakhtiar, collapsed, paving the way for the return of Ayatollah Khomeini and the establishment of the Islamic Republic of Iran.

The State of the Union Address by President George W. Bush introduces the term 'Axis of Evil,' referring to governments that he accused of helping terrorism and seeking weapons of mass destruction, specifically Iran, Iraq, and North Korea.

Belgium legally recognized same-sex marriage, becoming the second country in the world to do so after the Netherlands.

Iraq holds its first free elections in over 50 years to elect a Transitional National Assembly, marking a significant step in the country's political reconstruction after the fall of Saddam Hussein.

South Korea launches its first space satellite, STSAT-2C, using a Naro-1 rocket, marking a significant milestone in the country's space program.

The United States formally charges Chinese tech giant Huawei with multiple counts of fraud, escalating tensions between the two countries over trade and technology.

The World Health Organization declares the COVID-19 outbreak a Public Health Emergency of International Concern, as the virus begins to spread globally beyond China.