Lewis and Clark Expedition Begins - August 31, 1803

On August 31, 1803, the Lewis and Clark Expedition, officially known as the Corps of Discovery Expedition, embarked on its historic journey from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. This expedition was a pivotal moment in American history, marking the beginning of a comprehensive exploration of the vast territories west of the Mississippi River.

Background

The expedition was commissioned by President Thomas Jefferson following the Louisiana Purchase in 1803, which doubled the size of the United States. Jefferson tasked Meriwether Lewis, his personal secretary, with leading the expedition to explore the newly acquired land and find a practical route across the western half of the continent. Lewis selected William Clark, a seasoned frontiersman and soldier, as his co-leader.

Preparations

Before setting off, Lewis spent considerable time in Pittsburgh overseeing the construction of a keelboat, which would be used for the initial leg of the journey down the Ohio River. The preparation phase also involved gathering supplies, recruiting men, and acquiring scientific instruments necessary for mapping and documenting the journey.

Departure from Pittsburgh

On August 31, 1803, Lewis departed from Pittsburgh, navigating the Ohio River. The journey began with challenges, including low water levels that delayed their progress. Despite these early setbacks, the expedition was crucial for establishing the logistics and camaraderie that would be essential for the long journey ahead.

Objectives

The primary objectives of the expedition included:

• Mapping the newly acquired territory.
• Establishing trade and sovereignty over the native tribes.
• Finding a water route to the Pacific Ocean, known as the Northwest Passage.
• Documenting new plant and animal species.

Significance

The Lewis and Clark Expedition holds significant historical importance as it provided valuable information about the geography, biology, and ethnography of the western territories. It paved the way for westward expansion and had lasting impacts on the United States’ understanding and development of its frontier.

Aftermath

The expedition concluded in September 1806, having traveled over 8,000 miles. The detailed journals and maps produced by Lewis and Clark were instrumental in opening up the American West to settlers and traders. Their journey is celebrated as a monumental achievement in exploration and American history.

In summary, the departure of Lewis and Clark from Pittsburgh on August 31, 1803, marked the beginning of a transformative exploration that would shape the future of the United States.