In History, Today on September 16

Protests erupted across Iran following the death of Mahsa Amini, a Kurdish woman who died after being detained by morality police enforcing strict dress codes.

China officially applied to join the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP), aiming to bolster its economic influence in the Asia-Pacific region.

A drone attack on Saudi Aramco oil facilities in Abqaiq and Khurais led to a significant disruption in global oil supply, causing oil prices to surge.

The first Republican primary debate for the 2016 United States presidential election was held at the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library in Simi Valley, California, featuring 11 candidates.

A mass shooting took place at the Washington Navy Yard in Washington, D.C., where a lone gunman killed 12 people and injured three others before being shot dead by police.

Militant attack on Camp Bastion in Afghanistan, killing two U.S. Marines and destroying several aircraft.

The Blackwater Baghdad shootings occurred when employees of the private military company Blackwater Security Consulting shot at Iraqi civilians, killing 17 and injuring 20 in Nisour Square, Baghdad.

Hurricane Ivan makes landfall in Gulf Shores, Alabama, causing significant damage across the southeastern United States.

The Summer Olympic Games open in Sydney, Australia.

The United Kingdom was forced to withdraw the pound sterling from the European Exchange Rate Mechanism, a day now known as 'Black Wednesday', due to currency speculation that devalued the pound.

The Montreal Protocol was signed to protect the ozone layer by phasing out the production of numerous substances responsible for ozone depletion.

The Sabra and Shatila massacre began in Lebanon, where a large number of Palestinian refugees were killed.

The U.S. President Jimmy Carter, Egyptian President Anwar Sadat, and Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin signed the Camp David Accords after twelve days of secret negotiations at Camp David.

Papua New Guinea gained independence from Australia.

Malaysian Federation was formally established, comprising Malaya, Singapore, North Borneo (now Sabah), and Sarawak.

The St. Louis Browns of Major League Baseball were awarded to a group in Baltimore, leading to the team's relocation and rebranding as the Baltimore Orioles.

Mahidol University, one of the oldest institutions of higher learning in Thailand, was established initially as the University of Medical Sciences, serving as a major center for medical education.

A bomb exploded on Wall Street, New York City, killing 38 people and injuring hundreds in what was the deadliest act of terrorism on U.S. soil at the time.

General Motors Corporation was founded by William C. Durant.

Settlers made their first run into the Cherokee Strip land in what is now part of the U.S. state of Oklahoma.

The American Association for the Advancement of Science was created.

The independence of Brazil was formally recognized by Portugal through the Treaty of Rio de Janeiro.

Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla delivered the Grito de Dolores, initiating Mexico's War of Independence from Spain.

The Battle of Harlem Heights took place during the American Revolutionary War. American forces led by General George Washington successfully repelled British troops in what became a morale-boosting victory for the Continental Army.

James Francis Edward Stuart, known as the 'Old Pretender', declared as King James III of England and VIII of Scotland by his supporters. This event underscored the continued conflict over the English and Scottish thrones.

The Mayflower set sail from Plymouth, England, carrying Pilgrims to the New World.

Anne of Denmark was crowned queen consort of Scotland. She was the wife of James VI of Scotland, who later became James I of England, marking the beginning of a union between the Scottish and English crowns.

Tomas de Torquemada, the first Grand Inquisitor of the Spanish Inquisition, died.

Owain Glyndŵr was declared Prince of Wales, leading a revolt against English rule.

The Sixth Ecumenical Council, also known as the Third Council of Constantinople, concluded. This council was significant in addressing the Monothelitism controversy, affirming the doctrine of two wills in Christ, divine and human, in opposition to the Monothelite position.