In History, Today on August 31

King Henry V of England dies unexpectedly in France, leaving his infant son, Henry VI, as king.

Lewis and Clark start their expedition to explore the American West from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

Mary Ann Nichols is murdered, the first of Jack the Ripper's confirmed victims.

Thomas Edison patented the Kinetoscope, a device for viewing moving pictures.

England, Russia, and France form the Triple Entente, a military alliance.

The first radio news program was broadcast by 8MK in Detroit, Michigan.

Nazi Germany stages a fake Polish attack on a German radio station, providing a pretext for the invasion of Poland.

Kyrgyzstan declares independence from the Soviet Union.

Diana, Princess of Wales, dies in a car crash in Paris, France.

The Irish Republican Army (IRA) officially ended its armed campaign and decommissioned its weapons, marking a significant step in the Northern Ireland peace process.

U.S. President Barack Obama announced the end of combat operations in Iraq, marking a shift to Operation New Dawn, which focused on stability operations.

Dilma Rousseff was impeached and removed from office as President of Brazil, following a controversial trial over accusations of fiscal mismanagement.

Protests erupted in Hong Kong as demonstrators clashed with police, marking one of the largest and most intense protests against the extradition bill and the Chinese government's influence.

The United States completed its military withdrawal from Afghanistan, ending nearly 20 years of military involvement in the country following the September 11 attacks.