In History, Today on July 14

The Battle of the Kalka River took place, where the Mongol Empire defeated the Kievan Rus' and their allies.

The Storming of the Bastille occurred in Paris, marking a pivotal event in the French Revolution.

Fête de la Fédération was celebrated in France to commemorate the first anniversary of the Storming of the Bastille and the unity of the French nation.

The opening of the first major world's fair, the Exhibition of the Industry of All Nations, took place in New York City.

The first ascent of the Matterhorn is completed by Edward Whymper and his party.

Billy the Kid, an infamous American outlaw, was shot and killed by Sheriff Pat Garrett in Fort Sumner, New Mexico.

In Germany, all political parties except the Nazi Party were banned, consolidating Adolf Hitler's power.

A coup d'état in Iraq led to the overthrow of the Hashemite monarchy and the establishment of a republic.

The Mariner 4 spacecraft successfully performed the first flyby of Mars, sending back the first close-up images of the planet.

The football war, a brief conflict between El Salvador and Honduras, began following a World Cup qualifier.

The first version of the MP3 file format was released, revolutionizing the way music was distributed and consumed.

The New Horizons spacecraft performed a flyby of Pluto, providing the first close-up images of the dwarf planet and its moons.

Iran and the P5+1 countries (China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom, the United States, plus Germany) reached a historic agreement on Iran's nuclear program, known as the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA).

A terrorist attack occurred in Nice, France, when a truck was deliberately driven into a crowd celebrating Bastille Day, resulting in 86 deaths and numerous injuries.