In History, Today on July 12

The city of Acre fell to the Crusaders during the Third Crusade after a prolonged siege. This victory was a significant turning point in the Crusade, allowing the Crusaders to establish a foothold in the Holy Land.

King Henry VIII of England married his sixth and final wife, Catherine Parr. Catherine played a key role in reconciling Henry with his daughters and was influential in the education of Elizabeth I.

Fray Diego de Landa, a Spanish Franciscan priest, ordered the burning of Maya codices and idols in Maní, Yucatán, an event that led to the loss of much of the Mayan written history.

The Battle of the Boyne took place near Drogheda on the east coast of Ireland. It was a significant battle in the Williamite War in Ireland, where Protestant King William III defeated the deposed Catholic King James II, ensuring Protestant ascendancy in Ireland.

Former U.S. Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton died after being shot in a duel with Vice President Aaron Burr the previous day. This event marked the end of Hamilton's influential political career and had significant repercussions in American politics.

The Confederation of the Rhine was established under the influence of Napoleon Bonaparte, effectively dissolving the Holy Roman Empire.

The Battle of Prokhorovka, one of the largest tank battles in history, took place during the larger Battle of Kursk in World War II.

The Rolling Stones performed their first concert at the Marquee Club in London. This event marked the beginning of their career as one of the most influential rock bands in history.

São Tomé and Príncipe gained independence from Portugal, becoming an independent nation.

France won the 1998 FIFA World Cup, defeating Brazil 3-0 in the final held at the Stade de France in Saint-Denis, marking their first World Cup victory.

Hezbollah launched a cross-border raid into Israel, capturing two Israeli soldiers, which led to the 2006 Lebanon War.

Malala Yousafzai gave a speech at the United Nations advocating for worldwide access to education, marking her 16th birthday as 'Malala Day.'

The Permanent Court of Arbitration ruled in favor of the Philippines in a case against China over territorial disputes in the South China Sea.

The last of the Wild Boars soccer team and their coach were rescued from the Tham Luang cave in Thailand after being trapped for over two weeks.

The United States House of Representatives voted to limit President Donald Trump's ability to take military action against Iran without congressional approval.

Richard Branson flew to the edge of space aboard Virgin Galactic's VSS Unity, marking a milestone in commercial space travel.