In History, Today on April 9

Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, passed away at the age of 99.

Benjamin Netanyahu wins the Israeli legislative election, securing a record fifth term as Prime Minister of Israel.

Two churches in Egypt are bombed by ISIS during Palm Sunday services, resulting in at least 45 deaths and numerous injuries.

The body of former British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher lay in state in the Chapel of St Mary Undercroft in the Palace of Westminster, London, following her death on April 8.

A Polish Air Force Tu-154 crashed near Smolensk, Russia, killing 96 people, including Polish President Lech Kaczyński and numerous government and military officials.

Prince Charles marries Camilla Parker Bowles in a civil ceremony at Windsor Guildhall, followed by a religious blessing at St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle.

The statue of Saddam Hussein in Baghdad's Firdos Square is toppled by Iraqi civilians and U.S. military forces, symbolizing the fall of Baghdad during the Iraq War.

Georgia declared independence from the Soviet Union, marking a significant moment in the dissolution of the USSR.

The Tbilisi Massacre occurred in Georgia, where Soviet troops attacked peaceful pro-independence demonstrators, resulting in numerous deaths and injuries.

The first Boeing 737 made its maiden flight, marking the beginning of one of the most successful commercial aircraft lines.

The Bolivian National Revolution began, leading to significant social and economic reforms in Bolivia.

The Deir Yassin massacre takes place during the Israeli-Arab conflict, where Jewish paramilitary groups attacked the Arab village of Deir Yassin, resulting in many civilian casualties and escalating tension in the region.

The Bataan Death March began, as Japanese forces forced American and Filipino prisoners of war to march approximately 65 miles under brutal conditions.

Germany invaded Denmark and Norway during World War II, beginning Operation Weserübung.

The Battle of Vimy Ridge began during World War I, where Canadian Corps attacked German positions in France, achieving a significant victory.

British forces under Major-General Robert Baden-Powell successfully relieve the Siege of Mafeking during the Second Boer War.

The Civil Rights Act of 1866, aimed at protecting the civil rights of African Americans post-Civil War, is passed by the United States Congress, overriding President Andrew Johnson's veto.

The American Civil War effectively ended with the surrender of Confederate General Robert E. Lee to Union General Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox Court House.

The Siege of Veracruz, a pivotal event during the Mexican-American War, ended after Mexican forces in the city surrendered to the United States, leading to American control over the key port city.

René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle, claimed the Mississippi River basin for France, naming it La Louisiane.

Spain and the Dutch Republic sign the Twelve Years' Truce, halting warfare for a period during the Eighty Years' War as both sides sought to recover from the exhaustion of the first phase of the conflict.

The election of Julius III as Pope of the Roman Catholic Church, overseeing significant reforms during his papacy.

The birth of Rafael Sanzio, known as Raphael, an Italian painter and architect of the High Renaissance.

Henry V was crowned King of England at Westminster Abbey.

The Battle of Liegnitz took place, where Mongol forces defeated a combined force of European knights, including Polish, Moravian, and German troops.

Pope Benedict VIII cedes the fortress of Sutri to the Margrave of Tuscany, Rainier III, keeping in mind the security of the Papacy. This is part of an ongoing diplomatic and political maneuvering by the papacy to strengthen its territorial and political control.

Emperor Basil I, the founder of the Macedonian dynasty, reconquered and refortified the city of Syracuse in Sicily after expelling the Muslim invaders.

Halley's Comet makes its closest approach to Earth at a distance of 5.1 million kilometers (3.2 million miles).

Pope Constantine dies, ending his papacy which began in 708. He was known for his diplomatic efforts with the Byzantine Empire.

Byzantine Emperor Basiliscus issued a circular letter (Enkyklikon) to the bishops of his empire, supporting the Monophysite doctrine, which led to significant religious controversy.

Septimius Severus was proclaimed Roman Emperor by the army in Illyricum, marking the beginning of his reign and the Severan dynasty.