In History, Today on October 30

The United States House of Representatives voted to formalize the impeachment inquiry into President Donald Trump, marking a significant step in the investigation into his dealings with Ukraine. This was part of the broader impeachment process that led to Trump's impeachment in December 2019.

Lion Air Flight 610 crashed into the Java Sea shortly after takeoff from Jakarta, Indonesia, killing all 189 people on board.

A nightclub fire in Bucharest, Romania, killed 64 people and injured 147, leading to nationwide protests against corruption and poor safety standards.

Sweden officially recognized the State of Palestine, becoming the first major European country to do so.

The civil unrest in France began, sparked by the deaths of two teenagers in Clichy-sous-Bois, leading to widespread riots across the country.

Michael Bloomberg was elected the 108th Mayor of New York City, marking the start of his three-term tenure.

Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States heard preliminary arguments in the Bush v. Gore case, which would later determine the outcome of the 2000 presidential election.

Quebec held a referendum on independence from Canada, which resulted in a narrow victory for the 'No' side, keeping Quebec within Canada.

Argentina held its first democratic elections following the military dictatorship, marking a return to democracy.

The 'Rumble in the Jungle' boxing match took place in Kinshasa, Zaire, where Muhammad Ali defeated George Foreman to regain the World Heavyweight title.

The Soviet Union detonated the Tsar Bomba, the most powerful nuclear weapon ever tested, over Novaya Zemlya.

Anne Frank and her sister Margot were deported from Auschwitz to the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp.

The USS Reuben James is sunk by a German U-boat, becoming the first U.S. Navy ship sunk by enemy action in World War II.

Orson Welles broadcasted his radio adaptation of H.G. Wells' 'The War of the Worlds', causing panic among listeners who believed the fictional story was real.

The time and date were fixed for the opening of the Manchester Ship Canal by Queen Victoria.

Helena, Montana is founded during the Montana Gold Rush, becoming a major city in the region.

In Southampton County, Virginia, Nat Turner, leader of a slave rebellion, is captured and arrested.

Napoleon Bonaparte leads the Coup of 18 Brumaire which ultimately results in the overthrow of the French Directory and the establishment of the French Consulate.

The Treaty of Fort Stanwix is signed between the British government and representatives of the Iroquois Confederacy.

English Parliament passes the Act of Supremacy, establishing King Henry VIII as the Supreme Head of the Church of England.

Henry VII of England was crowned at Westminster Abbey, marking the beginning of the Tudor dynasty.

Henry VI returns to the English throne after the capture of Edward IV.

At the Battle of Rio Salado, English and Portuguese forces defeat the Marinid Muslim army in Iberia, effectively ending the last Muslim attempt to conquer the Iberian Peninsula.

The Eighth Crusade ends as the Treaty of Tunis is signed, marking the conclusion of the last major crusade to the Holy Land.

The Battle of Rignano takes place, where Roger II of Sicily defeats Ranulf II of Alife's forces.

The Battle of the Iron Bridge took place near Antioch, where the Rashidun Caliphate forces under Abu Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrah defeated the Byzantine Empire, leading to the Muslim conquest of Antioch.