In History, Today on October 2

Brazil holds the first round of its presidential election, with former president Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva and incumbent Jair Bolsonaro advancing to a runoff.

The European Court of Justice rules that Facebook must remove defamatory content globally if ordered by a national court of an EU member state.

Jamal Khashoggi, a Saudi journalist and critic of the Saudi government, is murdered at the Saudi consulate in Istanbul, Turkey, leading to international outrage and diplomatic tensions.

Colombian voters narrowly reject a peace deal with FARC rebels in a national referendum, casting uncertainty over the future of the peace process.

The International Olympic Committee awarded the 2016 Summer Olympics to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, marking the first time the event was to be held in South America.

A gunman kills five girls in a one-room Amish schoolhouse in Nickel Mines, Pennsylvania, before taking his own life.

The Beltway sniper attacks begin, a series of coordinated shootings that occurred over three weeks in October 2002 in the Washington, D.C. metropolitan area.

Swissair Flight 111's final report is released by the Transportation Safety Board of Canada, concluding that the crash was caused by a fire resulting from faulty wiring.

Lance Armstrong was diagnosed with testicular cancer, later leading to his successful treatment and comeback.

The German reunification was completed, with the former East Germany officially joining the Federal Republic of Germany.

South Vietnamese forces abandon Tien Phuoc in Vietnam during the Vietnam War.

Thurgood Marshall was sworn in as the first African American Justice of the United States Supreme Court.

Guinea declared its independence from France, becoming the first French African colony to gain independence.

The comic strip 'Peanuts' by Charles M. Schulz was first published in seven newspapers, introducing the world to characters like Charlie Brown and Snoopy.

The Warsaw Uprising officially ends as the remaining Polish resistance in Warsaw surrenders to the German forces.

Operation Typhoon, the German offensive to capture Moscow during World War II, began.

Italian troops invade Ethiopia under the orders of Benito Mussolini, marking the start of the Second Italo-Ethiopian War.

John Logie Baird performs the first test of a working television system.

U.S. President Woodrow Wilson suffers a massive stroke, leading to significant health challenges that impaired his ability to carry out his presidential duties for the remainder of his term.

In the United States, the first International Conference of American States is opened in Washington, D.C., with the goal of promoting trade and cooperation among American countries.

The papal states were annexed by the Kingdom of Italy, completing the unification of Italy.

Mahatma Gandhi, leader of the Indian independence movement against British rule, was born in Porbandar, India.

Charles Darwin returned to Falmouth, England, after his five-year voyage on the HMS Beagle. This journey was crucial in developing his theory of evolution by natural selection.

The Texas Revolution began with the Battle of Gonzales, where Texian settlers resisted Mexican troops attempting to retrieve a cannon, symbolized by the "Come and Take It" flag.

British Major John André was hanged as a spy by American forces during the American Revolutionary War. André was captured while carrying plans indicating the betrayal of General Benedict Arnold, which exposed the plot to surrender West Point to the British.

The Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye was signed, ending the War of the League of Cambrai and restoring peace between France and Venice.

The Battle of Edgecote Moor was fought in England during the Wars of the Roses between the forces of the rebellious Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick, and King Edward IV of England. Warwick's forces captured Edward IV, a significant event in the intermittent civil wars between the House of Lancaster and the House of York.

King Taejo of Joseon ascended to the throne of Korea. This event marked the foundation of the Joseon Dynasty, which would go on to dominate Korean politics, society, and culture for over five centuries.

The Battle of Largs took place, marking a significant encounter in the Scottish-Norwegian War. Although the battle was inconclusive, it was a turning point that ultimately led to the Treaty of Perth in 1266, which saw Norway relinquish its claims to the Hebrides and the Isle of Man.

The Siege of Jerusalem ended with the city being captured by Saladin, the Sultan of Egypt and Syria, marking a significant event in the Crusades.

Battle of Andernach: Otto I, King of East Francia, defeats a rebellion by his former allies.

Death of Saint Wenceslas, Duke of Bohemia, who later became the patron saint of the Czech Republic.

Theophilos becomes Byzantine Emperor.