In History, Today on January 22

The first contingent of 150 Swiss Guards arrives at the Vatican to serve as the personal bodyguards of Pope Julius II.

Spain cedes the Falkland Islands to Britain, ending a dispute over the islands.

The Ashanti Empire defeats British forces in the Battle of Nsamankow during the First Anglo-Ashanti War.

British colonists reach New Zealand, establishing the settlement of Wellington.

The Battle of Isandlwana takes place during the Anglo-Zulu War, resulting in a decisive Zulu victory over British forces.

Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom dies, marking the end of the Victorian Era.

Ramsay MacDonald becomes the first Labour Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.

Operation Shingle, the Allied amphibious landing at Anzio, Italy, begins during World War II.

The Central Intelligence Group, the forerunner of the CIA, is established in the United States.

The U.S. Supreme Court delivers its decision in Roe v. Wade, legalizing abortion nationwide.

The Apple Macintosh, the first consumer computer with a graphical user interface, is introduced.

Kmart Corporation, the third-largest discount retailer in the world at the time, filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection, marking the largest retail bankruptcy in U.S. history up to that point.

Evo Morales was inaugurated as the first indigenous president of Bolivia, marking a significant shift in the country's political landscape and a move towards greater representation for indigenous peoples.

The European Parliament voted overwhelmingly to approve a report calling for the closure of the Guantanamo Bay detention camp, citing human rights concerns.

Conan O'Brien hosted his final episode of 'The Tonight Show,' following a public dispute with NBC over the show's timeslot, which led to a reshuffling of the network's late-night lineup.

Yemen's President Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi resigned after Houthi rebels took control of the presidential palace.

A series of tornadoes struck the southeastern United States, causing significant damage and resulting in 20 fatalities.

The United States government shutdown ended after three days, as the Senate voted to reopen the government following a temporary funding bill agreement.