Dagen H: Sweden’s Switch to Right-Hand Traffic

On September 3, 1967, Sweden underwent a major transformation in its road traffic system, an event famously known as “Dagen H” or “Högertrafikomläggningen” (The Right-Hand Traffic Diversion). This day marked Sweden’s switch from driving on the left-hand side of the road to the right-hand side, aligning with the majority of its European neighbors.

Background

Before Dagen H, Sweden was one of the few European countries where vehicles drove on the left. This was a legacy of historical practices, but it posed significant challenges, especially given that most of Sweden’s neighboring countries, including Norway and Finland, drove on the right. Additionally, the majority of cars in Sweden had left-hand steering, which was more suited for right-hand traffic, creating safety concerns.

The decision to switch was made after a national referendum in 1955, where a majority of Swedes voted against the change. However, the government decided to proceed, citing safety and economic reasons, as well as the need for uniformity with neighboring countries.

The Transition

The transition was meticulously planned over several years. Here are some key aspects of the preparation and execution:

• Public Awareness Campaigns: The Swedish government launched extensive public awareness campaigns to educate citizens about the change. This included distributing pamphlets, broadcasting information on radio and television, and even producing a special song to promote the switch.

• Infrastructure Adjustments: Road signs, traffic signals, and intersections were modified to accommodate right-hand driving. This involved significant logistical efforts, including the temporary closure of roads and the reconfiguration of traffic systems.

• Execution on Dagen H: On the day of the switch, all non-essential traffic was halted from 1:00 AM to 6:00 AM. During this time, workers changed road markings and signs. At precisely 5:00 AM, all vehicles were instructed to stop, switch sides, and then proceed on the right-hand side of the road.

Aftermath and Significance

The transition was remarkably smooth, with minimal accidents reported on the day itself. The success of Dagen H is often attributed to the extensive planning and public cooperation. In the months following the switch, Sweden experienced a temporary reduction in traffic accidents, although this was partly due to increased caution among drivers.

Dagen H is significant not only as a logistical achievement but also as a reflection of Sweden’s commitment to road safety and international cooperation. It remains a notable example of a large-scale societal change implemented through careful planning and public engagement.