In History, Today on January 5

Georgia's runoff elections resulted in the Democratic Party gaining control of the U.S. Senate, with Jon Ossoff and Raphael Warnock winning their respective races.

North Korea conducted its fourth nuclear test, claiming it was a successful hydrogen bomb test.

The Nigerian town of Baga was attacked by Boko Haram, resulting in a large number of casualties and displacements.

A US Air Force Pave Hawk helicopter crashed in Cley next the Sea, Norfolk, England, killing all four crew members.

The Arab Spring protests began in Oman, marking the start of a series of demonstrations and uprisings across the Arab world.

The Burj Khalifa in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, officially opened as the tallest building in the world.

Eris, a dwarf planet in the scattered disc region of the Solar System, was discovered by a team led by Mike Brown at the Palomar Observatory.

Ice storm strikes Eastern Canada and the Northeastern United States, known as the North American Ice Storm of 1998, causing widespread power outages.

Washington state executes Westley Allan Dodd by hanging, a practice not used in the U.S. since 1965.

The worst fire in the history of Brisbane occurs at the Whisky Au Go Go nightclub, resulting in 15 deaths.

U.S. President Richard Nixon ordered the development of a space shuttle program.

Alexander Dubček is elected First Secretary of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia, marking the beginning of the Prague Spring.

President Dwight D. Eisenhower announces the Eisenhower Doctrine, which stated the United States would use armed forces to assist any Middle Eastern country requesting help in resisting communist aggression.

President Harry S. Truman unveiled his Fair Deal program in the United States, aiming to continue and expand the New Deal with proposals for national health insurance, public housing, and civil rights legislation.

Construction of the Golden Gate Bridge begins.

Nellie Tayloe Ross becomes the first female governor in the United States, inaugurated as the Governor of Wyoming.

The German Workers' Party, which would later become the Nazi Party, was founded in Munich, marking the beginning of a political movement that would have profound effects on Germany and the world.

The Ford Motor Company announces an eight-hour workday and a minimum daily wage of $5, significantly influencing labor standards in the United States.

The Dreyfus Affair: French army officer Alfred Dreyfus was stripped of his rank and sentenced to life imprisonment for treason, a conviction later overturned amid widespread controversy and allegations of anti-Semitism.

The Palais Garnier, the opulent opera house in Paris, officially opened with a performance attended by a grand assembly of French society. Its construction marked an architectural and cultural landmark of the Second French Empire.

The San Francisco steamer ship 'Ranier' was wrecked in a storm, resulting in the loss of several lives. This incident highlighted the dangers faced by maritime travel during the California Gold Rush era.

The Treaty of the Dardanelles was signed between the British Empire and the Ottoman Empire. This treaty ended the Anglo-Turkish War and reaffirmed the status of the Dardanelles Strait as a demilitarized zone and the borders established in previous treaties.

Louis XV of France survived an assassination attempt by Robert-François Damiens, the last person to be executed in France by drawing and quartering.

Charles the Bold, Duke of Burgundy, was killed at the Battle of Nancy, leading to the end of the Burgundian Wars and significant territorial changes in Europe.

Pope Innocent VI passed away in Avignon, France. His papacy, which began in 1352, was marked by efforts to reform the clergy and administration of the papal court.

Edward the Confessor, King of England, died. His death led to a succession crisis that culminated in the Norman Conquest of England later that year.

Edward the Confessor, King of England, dies, leading to a succession crisis that culminates in the Norman Conquest.

The Battle of Reading took place, where the West Saxons, led by King Æthelred and his brother Alfred the Great, attempted to repel a Danish Viking invasion. The battle was part of the Viking invasions of England, and it ended in a defeat for the West Saxons.

The Roman Senate declares Galba as emperor, marking the beginning of the Year of the Four Emperors.