In History, Today on September 3

Richard I of England, known as Richard the Lionheart, was crowned King of England at Westminster Abbey.

The Battle of Dunbar took place during the Third English Civil War, where Oliver Cromwell's forces defeated the Scottish army.

The Battle of Worcester took place, marking the final battle of the English Civil War, where Oliver Cromwell's Parliamentarian forces defeated the Royalists.

The Treaty of Paris was signed, officially ending the American Revolutionary War and recognizing American independence from Britain.

Future abolitionist Frederick Douglass escaped from slavery in Maryland, eventually becoming a leading voice in the abolitionist movement.

Britain and France declared war on Germany following Germany's invasion of Poland, marking the beginning of World War II.

The Allied invasion of Italy began with Operation Baytown, as British and Canadian forces crossed the Strait of Messina.

The Holocaust: Diarist Anne Frank and her family were transported from Westerbork transit camp to the Auschwitz concentration camp.

Sweden switched from driving on the left-hand side of the road to the right, in an event known as Dagen H.

Qatar gained independence from the United Kingdom, becoming a sovereign state.

The Viking 2 spacecraft landed on Mars, becoming the second spacecraft to successfully land on the planet and send back images.

The auction website eBay was founded by Pierre Omidyar in California, revolutionizing online shopping and auctions.

The Beslan school siege ended tragically with a violent storming by Russian security forces, resulting in the deaths of over 330 people, including many children.

A magnitude 7.1 earthquake struck the South Island of New Zealand, causing widespread damage in the city of Christchurch but resulting in no direct fatalities.

North Korea conducted its fifth nuclear test, claiming it was a successful detonation of a nuclear warhead that could be mounted on ballistic rockets.