In History, Today on February 23

The traditional date for the publication of the Gutenberg Bible, the first Western book printed with movable type.

The Battle of the Alamo begins in San Antonio, Texas, as Mexican troops under General Antonio López de Santa Anna launch an assault on the Alamo Mission.

Émile Zola is imprisoned in France after writing "J'accuse," a letter accusing the government of anti-Semitism and wrongfully imprisoning Alfred Dreyfus.

Cuba leases Guantánamo Bay to the United States "in perpetuity."

Plutonium is first produced and isolated by Dr. Glenn T. Seaborg, Arthur Wahl, and Joseph Kennedy at the University of California, Berkeley.

During the Battle of Iwo Jima, a group of United States Marines and a Navy corpsman raise the American flag atop Mount Suribachi, an event captured in the iconic photograph by Joe Rosenthal.

The first mass inoculation of children against polio with the Salk vaccine begins in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

An attempted coup d'état takes place in Spain when Lieutenant Colonel Antonio Tejero storms the Congress of Deputies, holding lawmakers hostage for 18 hours.

In the Gulf War, ground troops cross the Saudi Arabian border and enter Iraq, marking the beginning of the ground phase of Operation Desert Storm.

The United States Air Force's B-2 Spirit stealth bomber crashes on Guam, marking the first crash of a B-2 bomber.

A 6.9 magnitude earthquake strikes the Ryukyu Islands in Japan, causing a tsunami warning to be issued, although no significant damage or injuries are reported.

The closing ceremony of the 2014 Winter Olympics is held in Sochi, Russia, marking the end of the games that were notable for their high cost and controversies surrounding human rights and security.

NASA announces the discovery of seven Earth-sized exoplanets orbiting the star TRAPPIST-1, three of which are in the habitable zone.

Venezuelan opposition leader Juan Guaidó attempts to bring humanitarian aid into Venezuela from Colombia, leading to clashes at the border as President Nicolás Maduro's government blocks the aid, escalating the political crisis in the country.

Riots erupt in Delhi, India, over the Citizenship Amendment Act, leading to significant violence and casualties.