In History, Today on December 14

The United Nations Biodiversity Conference (COP15) in Montreal, Canada, resulted in a landmark agreement to protect 30% of Earth's land and waters by 2030 to curb biodiversity loss.

A large demonstration formed in Sudan as thousands of citizens protested against the military coup and demanded the restoration of civilian rule.

The United States initiated its COVID-19 vaccination campaign with the first doses of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine administered to healthcare workers and high-priority groups.

The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) voted to repeal net neutrality rules in the United States, which had been implemented in 2015 to ensure equal access to the internet.

The Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting occurred in Newtown, Connecticut, resulting in the deaths of 26 people, including 20 children.

During a press conference in Baghdad, Iraqi journalist Muntadhar al-Zaidi threw his shoes at U.S. President George W. Bush, an act of protest against the U.S. invasion of Iraq.

The Millau Viaduct, the world's tallest bridge, was officially opened in France.

Former Iraqi President Saddam Hussein was captured by United States forces during Operation Red Dawn, near his hometown of Tikrit, after being found hiding in a small underground bunker on a farm.

The Dayton Agreement is signed in Paris, ending the Bosnian War and outlining the framework for the future political structure of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Wilma Mankiller became the first female Principal Chief of the Cherokee Nation, marking a significant milestone in Native American history and women's leadership.

The Sino-British Joint Declaration, an agreement on the future of Hong Kong, was signed in Beijing by the People's Republic of China and the United Kingdom.

Israel annexed the Golan Heights, a move that was not internationally recognized and remains a point of contention in Middle Eastern geopolitics.

Apollo 17 astronauts Eugene Cernan and Harrison Schmitt completed the last manned moonwalk of the Apollo program.

NASA's Mariner 2 spacecraft became the first to conduct a successful flyby of Venus, providing valuable data about the planet's atmosphere and surface.

The United Nations General Assembly voted to establish its headquarters in New York City.

The League of Nations expelled the Soviet Union in response to its invasion of Finland, an event that highlighted the weaknesses of the League in maintaining global peace.

Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen became the first person to reach the South Pole, marking a significant achievement in the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration.

Max Planck presented his quantum theory at the German Physical Society, marking the birth of quantum mechanics.

The Glasgow Underground Railway, the third-oldest underground metro system in the world, opened to the public in Glasgow, Scotland, marking a significant advancement in urban transportation.

The Toledo War, a boundary dispute between the state of Ohio and the adjoining Michigan Territory, unofficially ended as the federal government intervened.

Russia's Tsar Alexander I was buried in the Saints Peter and Paul Cathedral in Saint Petersburg.

Alabama was admitted as the 22nd state of the United States of America.

Princess Mary Stuart was born, who would later become Mary, Queen of Scots, a significant figure in the history of Scotland and England.

The St. Lucia's flood, one of the most catastrophic floods in recorded history, struck the Netherlands and Northern Germany, resulting in the deaths of approximately 50,000 people.

King Baldwin I of Jerusalem defeated Turkish forces at the Battle of Shaizar.

Adrian II was elected as the Pope of the Roman Catholic Church.

A major earthquake struck Constantinople, causing significant damage to the city, including the collapse of the dome of the Hagia Sophia.