In History, Today on October 25

The Siege of Lisbon ends as the city is captured by Afonso I of Portugal and his Christian forces, marking a significant victory during the Second Crusade.

The Battle of Agincourt took place, a major English victory in the Hundred Years' War against France. King Henry V's forces, though heavily outnumbered, defeated the French army, largely due to the effective use of the English longbow.

King George III ascends to the throne of Great Britain following the death of his grandfather, King George II.

The Charge of the Light Brigade occurred during the Battle of Balaclava in the Crimean War. A miscommunication led to the British light cavalry charging directly into Russian artillery, resulting in heavy casualties.

The League of Nations moved its headquarters to Geneva, Switzerland, marking a significant step in its efforts to maintain world peace after World War I.

The Zinoviev letter, a controversial document purportedly from the Soviet Union urging British communists to engage in seditious activities, was published in the Daily Mail, influencing the British general election.

The Battle of Leyte Gulf, one of the largest naval battles in history, concluded. It was a decisive Allied victory in the Pacific Theater of World War II, significantly weakening the Japanese Navy.

The United Nations General Assembly voted to admit the People's Republic of China and expel the Republic of China (Taiwan), shifting diplomatic recognition from Taipei to Beijing.

The United States invaded Grenada in Operation Urgent Fury, citing concerns over the safety of American citizens and the presence of a Marxist government. The invasion resulted in a change of government in Grenada.

The Soviet Union's Supreme Soviet passes a law allowing for private ownership of businesses, a significant step towards economic reform and the eventual dissolution of the USSR.

The European Community and the European Free Trade Association reach an agreement to create the European Economic Area.

A commuter train collision occurred at the Aioi Station in Hyogo Prefecture, Japan, resulting in 42 deaths and over 600 injuries. It was one of the deadliest train accidents in Japan's history.

Microsoft releases Windows XP, a major operating system that would become one of the most popular versions of Windows.

The Airbus A380, the world's largest passenger airliner, made its first commercial flight from Singapore to Sydney.

Mount Merapi in Indonesia erupts, leading to the evacuation of thousands of people and resulting in significant casualties and damage.

A magnitude 7.5 earthquake strikes the Hindu Kush region in Afghanistan, affecting several countries and causing widespread damage and loss of life.

Jacinda Ardern is sworn in as the 40th Prime Minister of New Zealand, becoming the youngest female head of government in the world at the time.

The United States announces the death of ISIS leader Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi during a military operation in Syria.