In History, Today on October 11

The Aleppo earthquake, one of the deadliest earthquakes in history, struck northern Syria, causing widespread destruction and loss of life.

Pope Leo X conferred the title 'Defender of the Faith' on King Henry VIII of England for his defense of the seven sacraments against Martin Luther.

Huldrych Zwingli, a leader of the Reformation in Switzerland, is killed in the Battle of Kappel.

After a ten-day siege, the city of Drogheda in Ireland falls to Oliver Cromwell's forces during the Irish Confederate Wars.

The Battle of Valcour Island, a naval engagement during the American Revolutionary War, takes place on Lake Champlain.

The Second Boer War began between the British Empire and the two Boer states, the South African Republic and the Orange Free State, over the Empire's influence in South Africa.

The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) issued the first license to broadcast television in color to CBS.

NASA launched Apollo 7, the first successful manned mission in the Apollo program, which orbited the Earth and tested the Command/Service Module.

Astronaut Kathryn D. Sullivan became the first American woman to perform a spacewalk during the Space Shuttle Challenger mission STS-41-G.

Former U.S. President Jimmy Carter was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his decades of untiring effort to find peaceful solutions to international conflicts, to advance democracy and human rights, and to promote economic and social development.

The U.S. Department of Justice announced that it had foiled an Iranian plot to assassinate the Saudi Arabian ambassador to the United States, Adel al-Jubeir, in Washington, D.C.

Malala Yousafzai and Kailash Satyarthi were jointly awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for their struggle against the suppression of children and young people and for the right of all children to education.

NASA astronaut Nick Hague and Russian cosmonaut Alexey Ovchinin survived an emergency landing after a Soyuz rocket carrying them to the International Space Station failed mid-flight.

Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts to achieve peace and international cooperation, and in particular for his decisive initiative to resolve the border conflict with neighboring Eritrea.