Launch of Le Griffon: August 3, 1678

Background

René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle, a French explorer and fur trader, was instrumental in expanding French interests in North America during the 17th century. His endeavors were largely driven by the ambitions of the French to explore and establish trade routes across the continent, especially in the lucrative fur trade. To facilitate these goals, La Salle undertook the construction of a ship capable of navigating the Great Lakes, an unprecedented feat at the time.

Construction and Launch

Le Griffon, considered the first full-sized sailing ship on the upper Great Lakes, was launched on August 3, 1678. Construction took place on the Niagara River, approximately four miles above Niagara Falls, in what is today the state of New York.

The ship was a barque-rigged vessel, built under challenging conditions including extreme weather and hostility from both indigenous groups wary of European encroachment and rival colonial interests. Despite these challenges, Le Griffon represented a significant feat of engineering and resourcefulness. The vessel was believed to be around 45 tons and 40 to 50 feet in length.

Maiden Voyage and Significance

Le Griffon’s maiden voyage started with her departure from the Niagara River into Lake Erie, continuing to Lake Huron, and eventually reaching as far as Green Bay, located in present-day Wisconsin. This journey marked the beginning of a new era in transportation and trade across the Great Lakes, as Le Griffon facilitated easier movement of goods and opened new corridors for exploration and commerce.

The ship’s journey not only affirmed the feasibility of large-scale navigation on the Great Lakes but also strengthened France’s claim and operational presence in the North American interior.

Fate of Le Griffon

The mysterious loss of Le Griffon on its return trip laden with furs contributes to its notoriety in North American exploration history. After departing Green Bay in September 1679, the ship and its crew disappeared, possibly claimed by storms or treacherous waters, and its wreck has never been conclusively identified.

Historical Impact

Le Griffon carved a path for future exploration and settlement in the Great Lakes region. Its construction and brief service highlight the ambition and tenacity of European powers competing for control and resources in North America. La Salle’s audacious gamble set the stage for greater colonial enterprises and marked a pivotal moment in the history of navigation and exploration in the Americas.