Premiere of Fritz Lang’s “Metropolis” - January 10, 1927

On January 10, 1927, the groundbreaking science fiction film “Metropolis,” directed by Fritz Lang, premiered in Germany. This event marked a significant moment in cinematic history, as “Metropolis” would go on to influence the science fiction genre and film-making techniques for decades to come.

Context and Background

• Director and Production: Fritz Lang, an Austrian-German filmmaker, directed “Metropolis.” The film was produced by UFA (Universum Film-Aktiengesellschaft), a major German film studio. The screenplay was co-written by Lang and his wife, Thea von Harbou, based on her novel of the same name.

• Setting and Themes: “Metropolis” is set in a dystopian future where society is divided into two classes: the wealthy elite who live in luxury above ground, and the oppressed workers who toil below. The film explores themes of class struggle, industrialization, and the potential dehumanization brought by technological advancement.

Key Features of the Film

• Visual and Technical Innovations: “Metropolis” is renowned for its pioneering special effects and set designs. The film utilized groundbreaking techniques such as the Schüfftan process, which allowed for the integration of live-action footage with miniatures, creating the illusion of a vast, futuristic cityscape.

• Iconic Imagery: The film is famous for its iconic imagery, including the towering cityscapes, the Maschinenmensch (robot) character, and the dramatic scenes of the workers’ revolt. These visuals have left a lasting impact on the aesthetic of science fiction cinema.

Reception and Impact

• Initial Reception: Upon its release, “Metropolis” received mixed reviews. While some praised its visual spectacle and ambitious scope, others criticized its narrative and pacing. The film’s original cut was also quite long, leading to various edited versions being released over the years.

• Legacy: Despite its initial mixed reception, “Metropolis” has since been recognized as a masterpiece of early cinema. It has influenced countless films and filmmakers, contributing significantly to the development of the science fiction genre. The film’s themes and visual style continue to resonate in contemporary media.

Aftermath and Restoration

• Restoration Efforts: Over the years, “Metropolis” underwent numerous restorations to recover lost footage and restore its original vision. A significant restoration effort in 2008, following the discovery of a nearly complete print in Argentina, brought the film closer to Lang’s original version.

• Cultural Significance: “Metropolis” is now considered a cultural and historical treasure. It was inscribed on UNESCO’s Memory of the World Register in 2001, acknowledging its importance in the history of cinema.

The premiere of “Metropolis” on January 10, 1927, was not just the debut of a film but the beginning of a legacy that would shape the future of science fiction and cinematic storytelling.