Removal of Homosexuality from the International Classification of Diseases

On May 18, 1990, the World Health Organization (WHO) made a historic and impactful decision by removing homosexuality from the International Classification of Diseases (ICD). This significant act marked a pivotal moment in the history of LGBTQ+ rights, reflecting a shift towards a more inclusive understanding of human sexuality.

Background

The classification of homosexuality as a mental disorder has long been a point of contention. Initially, homosexuality was listed as a mental illness in diagnostic manuals, reflecting prevailing attitudes of pathology. In 1973, the American Psychiatric Association (APA) removed homosexuality from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), and this change motivated other medical and mental health organizations globally to reconsider their stances.

The Decision

The WHO’s decision to remove homosexuality from the ICD was the result of years of advocacy and research demonstrating that homosexuality is a natural variation of human sexuality and not a mental disorder. The change was made during the 43rd World Health Assembly, held in Geneva, where delegates voted for the removal of the classification from ICD-10, which was set to be published in 1992.

Impact

The removal had profound implications for the rights and treatment of LGBTQ+ individuals worldwide. It was a vital step towards reducing stigma and discrimination, offering greater global acceptance and understanding. This decision also influenced numerous countries to reevaluate their laws and policies concerning LGBTQ+ individuals, fostering a more inclusive and socially equitable environment.

Subsequent Developments

The decision paved the way for further inclusivity in the medical community and continued reform in the classifications of different sexual orientations and gender identities. WHO has continued to refine its approach to sexual and mental health, reflecting evolving understandings and social norms.

In the broader context, the removal of homosexuality from the ICD contributed to the increased visibility of the LGBTQ+ community and the promotion of their rights on an international scale. This decision remains a landmark in public health and human rights history.