Horace Walpole and the Coining of ‘Serendipity’

On January 28, 1754, Horace Walpole, the esteemed English writer and art historian, coined the term “serendipity” in a letter to his friend Horace Mann. Walpole was an influential figure in 18th-century England, best known for his novel “The Castle of Otranto,” which is credited with founding the literary genre of Gothic fiction.

Context of the Coinage

Walpole explained the creation of the word while recounting a happenstance discovery of a portrait he was purchasing. In his letter, Walpole remarked on his knack for making fortunate discoveries by referring to an old Persian fairy tale, “The Three Princes of Serendip.” The tale described the adventures of the titular princes, who were always making discoveries, by accidents and sagacity, of things they were not in quest of. “Serendip” is an ancient name for Sri Lanka, from which the narrative purportedly originates.

Definition and Significance

Walpole’s use of “serendipity” described an intuitive gift or the luck involved in making unexpected and fortunate discoveries. The term “serendipity” has since entered the English language to broadly signify the occurrence of events by chance in a happy or beneficial way.

Historical Impact

Although it initially appeared obscure, the word “serendipity” gained popularity over time and is now a common term used in various fields including scientific research, where accidental discoveries have led to notable breakthroughs. The concept also permeates cultural discussions on creativity and innovation.

Walpole’s creation of the term exemplifies his wit and command of language, adding an enduring phrase that captured a quintessential human experience—making unforeseen, happy discoveries.