Angelina Jolie’s Preventive Double Mastectomy Announcement - May 14, 2013

On May 14, 2013, Angelina Jolie, the acclaimed American actress and humanitarian, publicly revealed in an op-ed for The New York Times that she had undergone a preventive double mastectomy. This decision was made after she discovered she carried the BRCA1 gene mutation, which significantly increased her risk of developing breast and ovarian cancer.

Context and Background

• BRCA1 Gene Mutation: The BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are known to produce proteins that help repair damaged DNA. Mutations in these genes can lead to a higher risk of breast and ovarian cancers. Women with a BRCA1 mutation have a 55-65% risk of developing breast cancer by age 70, compared to about 12% for the general population.

• Family History: Jolie’s decision was influenced by her family history. Her mother, Marcheline Bertrand, died of ovarian cancer at the age of 56, which heightened Jolie’s awareness and concern about her genetic predisposition.

The Decision and Procedure

• Preventive Surgery: Jolie opted for a preventive double mastectomy, a surgical procedure to remove both breasts, significantly reducing her risk of developing breast cancer. The surgery was completed in stages over several months, concluding in April 2013.

• Public Disclosure: By sharing her story, Jolie aimed to raise awareness about genetic testing and preventive measures for breast and ovarian cancer. Her op-ed, titled “My Medical Choice,” detailed her personal journey and the medical procedures involved.

Impact and Aftermath

• Increased Awareness: Jolie’s announcement had a profound impact on public awareness regarding genetic testing and preventive health measures. It led to what was termed the “Angelina Jolie Effect,” where there was a notable increase in women seeking genetic testing and consultations about breast cancer risk.

• Healthcare Discussions: The disclosure sparked widespread discussions about the accessibility and affordability of genetic testing and preventive surgeries, highlighting disparities in healthcare access.

• Continued Advocacy: Jolie continued to advocate for women’s health issues, using her platform to support cancer research and awareness initiatives.

Broader Historical Significance

Angelina Jolie’s decision and public disclosure underscored the importance of genetic research and personalized medicine in modern healthcare. It highlighted the role of celebrities in influencing public health behaviors and policies. Her openness about her health choices contributed to a broader dialogue on women’s health, preventive care, and the ethical considerations surrounding genetic testing.

By sharing her personal experience, Jolie not only informed the public about the potential risks associated with genetic mutations but also empowered many to take proactive steps in managing their health.