The Agadir Earthquake of February 29, 1960

On February 29, 1960, a devastating earthquake struck the coastal city of Agadir in Morocco. This catastrophic event is remembered as one of the deadliest earthquakes in Moroccan history, with profound impacts on the city and its inhabitants.

Context and Background

Agadir, located on the Atlantic coast of Morocco, was a burgeoning city known for its port and tourism. In the years leading up to the earthquake, Agadir had been experiencing growth and development, making the disaster’s impact even more significant.

The Earthquake

• Date and Time: The earthquake occurred on February 29, 1960, at approximately 11:40 PM local time.
• Magnitude: The earthquake registered a magnitude of 5.7 on the Richter scale. Despite its moderate magnitude, the shallow depth and proximity to the city center resulted in severe destruction.
• Epicenter: The epicenter was located near the city, which contributed to the extensive damage.

Impact and Casualties

• Casualties: The earthquake resulted in the deaths of approximately one-third of Agadir’s population, with estimates of around 12,000 to 15,000 people killed. Thousands more were injured, and many were left homeless.
• Destruction: The earthquake caused widespread destruction, with nearly all buildings in the city being damaged or destroyed. Key infrastructure, including homes, businesses, and public buildings, was severely affected.
• Aftermath: The immediate aftermath saw chaos and devastation, with rescue efforts hampered by the destruction and lack of resources. The Moroccan government, along with international aid, worked tirelessly to provide relief and rebuild the city.

Broader Historical Significance

• Urban Planning and Reconstruction: The disaster led to significant changes in urban planning and building codes in Morocco. Agadir was rebuilt with modern infrastructure and stricter construction standards to withstand future seismic events.
• International Aid and Support: The earthquake prompted a global response, with aid and support pouring in from various countries. This international cooperation highlighted the importance of global solidarity in the face of natural disasters.
• Legacy: The Agadir earthquake remains a poignant reminder of the vulnerability of cities to natural disasters and the importance of preparedness and resilience in urban planning.

The Agadir earthquake of 1960 is a significant event in Moroccan history, marking a turning point in the country’s approach to disaster management and urban development. The tragedy not only reshaped the city of Agadir but also left a lasting impact on the collective memory of Morocco and the world.