The International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination

Overview

The United Nations adopted the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (ICERD) on December 21, 1965. It came into effect on January 4, 1969. The document you referenced likely concerns a different date, as September 13, 1961, is not associated with this convention.

Context and Significance

The ICERD signifies a global commitment to eradicating racial discrimination and promoting equality. Drafted amidst the backdrop of decolonization and the civil rights movement, it was a landmark step towards formal international acknowledgment and action against racial disparities.

Key Provisions

• Definition of Racial Discrimination: The ICERD defines racial discrimination as any distinction, exclusion, restriction, or preference based on race, color, descent, or national or ethnic origin that impairs the recognition, enjoyment, or exercise of human rights and fundamental freedoms.
• State Obligations: Signatory states are obligated to pursue a policy of eliminating racial discrimination and promoting understanding among all races. This includes reviewing governmental, national, and local policies, and amending laws that create or perpetuate racial discrimination.
• Committees and Reporting: The Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination (CERD) was established to monitor the implementation of the convention. States parties commit to regular reporting on the measures they have adopted to deal with racial discrimination.

Aftermath and Impact

The ICERD has been instrumental in prompting countries to amend discriminatory laws and practices and has served as a foundation for further international human rights treaties. Its adoption marked a significant advancement in global human rights legislation, emphasizing the role of international cooperative efforts in confronting racial inequality.

Conclusion

While the ICERD did not originate on the specific date of September 13, 1961, its influence continues to resonate in global efforts to combat racial discrimination and promote equality across all nations.