Conversion of The Folies Bergère into a Music Hall - November 30, 1886

On November 30, 1886, the Folies Bergère in Paris transformed from a traditional theater into a music hall, marking a significant evolution in European entertainment. Originally opened in 1869 as the “Folies Trévise,” named after the nearby rue de Trévise, it was initially a venue for operas and plays. By 1872, it adopted the name “Folies Bergère,” referencing the rue Bergère.

Expansion of Entertainment Offerings

The conversion in 1886 allowed the Folies Bergère to offer variety performances, including music, comedy, dance, and acrobatics. This marked a shift away from the highbrow cultural pursuits of its earlier years, embracing a wider array of acts such as:

• Vaudeville performances: A mixture of short, diverse acts including singers, comedians, and actors.
• Spectacular shows: Lavish productions with elaborate costumes and sets, often featuring a chorus line known for their lively performances.
• Singers and Dancers: Performers like Josephine Baker would later become synonymous with the venue.

Contribution to the Music Hall Movement

The Folies Bergère’s transformation played a pivotal role in the rise of music halls across Europe. It mirrored a broader cultural shift as entertainment became more accessible to the masses rather than an elite activity. Music halls became destinations for social gathering and a night out, fundamentally changing the landscape of European entertainment.

• Popularization of Exotic Revues: The Folies Bergère became renowned for its lavish revue shows, characterized by extravagant costumes and stage designs.
• Inspiration for Future Venues: Its business model and show format influenced other establishments, spreading the concept of music halls across France and beyond.

Historical and Cultural Impact

The conversion of the Folies Bergère was not just about expanding entertainment options; it signaled a democratization of cultural institutions. It served as a precursor to modern entertainment venues, fostering a legacy that encouraged artistic experimentation and cultural expression in a public forum.

The transformation in 1886 helped solidify the Folies Bergère’s reputation as a Parisian icon and trendsetter in live entertainment, influencing the format and popularity of music halls throughout Europe well into the 20th century.